Guide to Preventing Dental Disease in Dogs

Did you know that by the age of three, nearly 80% of dogs have developed some form of dental disease? Despite its prevalence, canine dental health is often overlooked. In this guide, we’ll break down the most common dental issues, how to spot them, and what you can do to keep your dog’s teeth in top shape.

Dental problems are unfortunately common in dogs and can range from mild to severe. The most frequent issues include:

• Gum disease: This includes both gingivitis (inflammation of the gums) and periodontitis (a more advanced form of gum disease).
• Endodontic disease: This affects the interior of the tooth, often leading to infection or tooth loss.
• Developmental abnormalities: Issues like misaligned teeth or improper bite.
• Trauma or injury: Fractured teeth or other dental injuries due to accidents or chewing on hard objects.
• Periodontal disease: This is the most common dental issue in dogs and involves inflammation and infection around the teeth.

Dogs are known for hiding their pain, so it can be difficult to notice dental issues until they’re quite advanced. Pet owners should regularly check for the following signs:

• Discoloured teeth (yellow or brown)
• Red or swollen gums
• Bad breath
• Tartar build-up along the gum line
• Excessive drooling
• Reluctance to eat or chew
• Bleeding from the mouth
• Changes in behaviour, such as irritability or lethargy

What your dog eats plays a significant role in their dental health. Foods that engage your dog’s jaw and take longer to chew can help keep teeth clean. Veterinary-approved dry kibble or dental treats are designed to reduce plaque and tartar build-up by encouraging more chewing.

In addition, feeding your dog large, raw meaty bones can also help scrub their teeth, while certain vegetables like carrots and celery are great low-calorie treats that promote healthy chewing.

While no specific foods directly cause dental problems, it’s important to avoid giving your dog too many high-carbohydrate or sugary treats. These can lead to plaque build-up and gum disease if not followed up with good dental care.

Regular brushing is one of the most effective ways to maintain your dog’s dental health. Here are some tips to help get you started:

• Begin slowly by allowing your dog to get used to the taste of the toothpaste or cleaning product.
• If your dog resists the toothbrush, start by using gauze to gently clean their teeth.
• Use positive reinforcement, such as treats or praise, to encourage good behaviour.
• Aim to brush your dog’s teeth daily, particularly if they are prone to dental issues.

If your dog is uncomfortable with tooth brushing, consult your vet for advice on safe cleaning methods.

1. Find a calm space where your dog feels comfortable.
2. Hold your dog securely. For small dogs, this might mean holding them in your lap, while larger dogs can sit beside you.
3. Introduce the toothbrush or gauze to their teeth gently.
4. Apply the dog-safe toothpaste to the brush, and begin brushing in gentle, circular motions for around two minutes, focusing on areas with visible plaque.

Once finished, refrain from feeding your dog for 30 minutes to let the cleaning process work.

With such a high percentage of dogs developing dental issues, it’s important to schedule regular check-ups with your vet. Depending on your dog’s breed, age, and health, your vet may recommend an annual dental examination to monitor for any signs of disease.

Even with the best home care, most dogs will require professional teeth cleaning. Vets use specialised equipment to clean beneath the gum line and remove tartar build-up that can’t be reached with brushing alone. Depending on your dog’s dental health, they may need this service once a year.

If you think your dog may need professional dental care, don’t hesitate to contact us to schedule an appointment with our veterinary team.